1997 - NZ - Determining the Structural Number of a Pavement

Realistic prediction of pavement performance is a critical component of asset management. Performance in terms of structural capacity is generally measured by the Adjusted Structural Number (SNP), hence a review has been carried out testing alternative methods for deriving this parameter for unbound granular pavements. Simplified methods may work reasonably well when calibrated to typical local conditions, but they are less likely to provide the same reliability in different regions or with different pavement structures. The rigorous methods (which can be readily applied) are recommended wherever deflection bowl information has been recorded. However, it is important to note that the standard equations are based on isotropic moduli for each layer, rather than anisotropic moduli, which the Austroads Pavement Design Guide has adopted for mechanistic analysis. Typical field measured moduli for unbound granular pavements are presented and appropriate calculation procedures suggested. Calibration or correction of SNP may also be required in a range of circumstances when refining the structural capacity for use in long-term pavement performance prediction. Where representative benchmark sites are set up and actual performance is monitored, appropriate calibration factors, based on specific modes of distress can be developed. These result in effective SNP values for a given network, giving due regard to the local range of materials and construction techniques.